E-Government
E-government is a system of organizational and legal measures and technical means aimed at ensuring the provision of public services to individuals and legal entities through information and communication technologies, as well as electronic cooperation between departments. E-government can be defined in different ways. In a broad sense, e-government can be defined as the use of ICT to provide services and develop its activities.
E-government can also be understood as a method of using digital technologies to increase the openness, transparency, efficiency and quality of services provided by government officials. In addition, e-government can be defined as a system for more efficient functioning of government agencies and the provision of quality services to citizens and business entities using ICT.
Another important aspect of e-services is that they serve to strengthen the overall image of not only a given organization, but also the entire country, while ensuring openness and transparency of the activities of government agencies.
In short, e-government terms can be reduced to the following four main parts.
E-government is defined as:
- The use of ICT (computer networks, Internet, fax and telephone);
- Support of government activities (provision of information, services, products, administrative management);
- Development of government relations with citizens (creation of new communication channels, involvement of citizens in political or administrative processes through propaganda and campaigns);
- Determination of active participation of participants in relevant processes in accordance with established strategies.
The main objectives of e-government include:
- ensuring the efficiency, efficiency and transparency of government agencies, strengthening their responsibility and executive discipline, creating additional mechanisms for ensuring the exchange of information with the population and business entities;
- creating opportunities for applicants to interact with government agencies throughout the country within the framework of e-government;
- within the framework of the set tasks, the formation of databases of government agencies, the Unified Interactive Portal of Government Services, the Unified Register of Electronic Government Services;
- implementation of the "single window" principle in the public administration system through the formation of electronic document management, mutual cooperation of government agencies and mechanisms for the exchange of information between their databases in the implementation of relations with the population and business entities;
- transfer of business entities to the use of electronic document management, including the use of electronic document management in the process of submitting statistical reports, customs clearance, issuing licenses, permits, certificates, as well as receiving information from government agencies;
- expanding the use of systems for the sale and purchase of products by business entities through e-commerce, the global information network Internet, as well as the introduction of automated systems for accounting, control and payment of utilities.
implementation of non-cash electronic payments, government procurement:
development of remote access systems and other electronic forms of activity in the field of banking and finance.
Basic principles of e-government:
- openness and transparency of the activities of government agencies;
- equal use of electronic government services by applicants;
- Provision of electronic government services on the principle of "Single Window";
- unification of documents of government agencies;
- use of unique identifiers of e-government;
- consistent improvement of the procedure for the provision of electronic government services;
- ensuring information security.
In order to realize the potential of e-government, many countries include the development of e-government in their political plans. It is known from global experience that the initial focus was on improving government efficiency through the use of ICT. At the same time, citizen-oriented approaches began to change in the mid-2000s as a result of limited government investment in e-government services.
As a result of these efforts, significant changes were achieved in the process of delivering public services by prioritizing the matching of various citizen needs with public services.