National Committee on Ecology and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan

During the event, the key findings of a new UNEP report were presented. According to the report, sand and dust storms are the primary factor driving the highest peaks of ambient air pollution in Termez, particularly with respect to particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5. It was noted that, alongside natural sources, fossil fuel–based heating, road transport, agriculture and industry make a significant contribution to year-round air pollution. As a result, pollutant concentrations throughout the year exceed national standards as well as the guidelines of the World Health Organization.

“Ensuring clean and safe air for the population is one of the key environmental priorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan,” said Deputy Minister of Ecology Jusipbek Kazbekov at the event. “The report not only provides an objective and transparent analysis, but also establishes a robust evidence base that underpins sectoral policy and supports the adoption of effective, science-based decisions.”

The report places particular emphasis on the transboundary nature of sand and dust storms and the need to strengthen regional cooperation in data exchange, forecasting and the coordination of response measures. The findings are based on an analysis of local emission sources and satellite observation data covering the past 20 years, which confirmed that large-scale dust episodes, including those originating far beyond national borders, have a substantial impact on air quality in the southern regions of Uzbekistan.

“Air pollution peaks caused by sand and dust storms are no longer isolated events,they have become part of an escalating crisis exacerbated by climate change,” stated Arnold Kreilhuber, Regional Director of the UN Environment Programme's Europe Office. “Strong winds do not recognize national borders. Protecting the health of Uzbekistan’s citizens requires joint action by neighboring countries—through data sharing, storm forecasting and coordinated responses, including nature-based solutions.”

The presentation also underscored the importance of expanding the ambient air quality monitoring system, introducing early warning mechanisms, and applying nature-based solutions, including the establishment of protective green belts and afforestation. It was noted that these approaches are already being reflected in state policy, including measures to modernize the monitoring network and reduce the frequency of sand and dust storms in the medium term.

The conducted study was characterized as a reliable scientific foundation for the further improvement of sectoral policy and the adoption of well-informed management decisions aimed at protecting public health and improving the environmental situation in Termez and other regions of the country.