The Agency of "Uzbekcosmos"

Every year in the second ten days of April, one of the most important events in the history of world civilization, the beginning of the era of space exploration by mankind and the discovery of the 20th century, which is called "International Cosmonautics Day", is widely celebrated. On April 12, 1961, the first cosmonaut of our planet, the legendary military pilot Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin made the first orbital flight around the Earth lasting 108 minutes on the Vostok spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, located in Kazakhstan. This historical event opened up great opportunities in the field of space research. Since 1962, this date has been widely celebrated as Cosmonautics Day. It is noteworthy that on April 7, 2011, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution to celebrate April 12 as International Cosmonautics Day. In addition, scientists associate this date with the implementation of the American project to launch the Space Shuttle. The spacecraft, which launched from the John F. Kennedy Space Center, reportedly spent just over two days and six hours in outer space before landing again at Edwards Air Force Base.

Thanks to these events, space research on the world stage developed rapidly and turned into a kind of synthesis of astronautics - a field of science and practical activity. That is, space research provided a huge array of theoretical and experimental data for the development of knowledge about the origin of the Universe, the Earth and the planets. Space became the reason for the creation of a complex of scientific disciplines, including medicine, biology, materials science, atmospheric and planetary chemistry, astrogeology and many others. A number of scientific and applied fields and technologies were formed on the basis of space research. For example, the possibilities of remote sensing of the Earth and satellite navigation, access to global information resources, digital broadcasting, acceleration of communication and surveillance services, satellite mobile telephony, the Internet and online data transmission were created.

International Cosmonautics Day is also widely celebrated in our country. The reason is that this area is not alien to Uzbekistan. In particular, Uzbeks took an active part in the construction of the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Our communications specialists, builders and other specialists were sent there.

TASHKENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SPACE INSTRUMENTATION
In 1988, the Tashkent Research Institute of Space Instrumentation (TashNIIKP) began operating as a branch of one of the Moscow space centers. The university was engaged in military-space areas. In addition, it was engaged in identifying natural resources, analyzing economic and environmental activities, and processing satellite images of the territory of Uzbekistan in order to study the state of agricultural crops.

NEVICH TESTING RANGE
Another important facility for the development of the industry was the Nevich training and testing complex. In the early 1980s, the Nevich assembly and testing ground of the Tashkent Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering was built in the Parkent district of the Tashkent region. Unique experimental structures with numerous stands and mechanical buildings, radio telemetry and other measuring equipment, assembly shops and workshops were created and tested here.

SUFFA DISPERSION AND RADIO TELESCOPE
In 1982, construction of a radio astronomy observatory began on the Suffa plateau in the Zaamin district of the Jizzakh region of Uzbekistan. Its main object
This is a 70-meter radio telescope, unique equipment capable of detecting even cosmic radiation in the millimeter range. A similar facility was available only in San Diego (USA).

SUFFA RADIO DESCRIPTION
The observatory was built to conduct scientific research in space and cooperate in international programs in this area. The construction was frozen due to the collapse of the USSR, but in 2018 it was restored and is scheduled to be completed by 2024.

NPO "PHYSICS-SOLNTSE"
Of particular note is the NPO "Physics-Solntse" of the Academy of Sciences, located in the Parkent district of the Tashkent region. High temperatures affected the protective coating of the widely used Soviet orbital ship "Buran" in a giant solar furnace.

REORGANIZATION OF THE AGENCY "UZBEKKOSMOS"
In the early years of independence of Uzbekistan, an organization engaged in space research was created under the name "Uzbekcosmos." But by 2002, this agency was liquidated. In order to effectively implement the existing scientific and technical potential through the use of innovative space technologies in various sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan, on the initiative of the head of our state, on August 30, 2019, the Decree "On the Development of Space Activities in the Republic of Uzbekistan" was signed, according to which the Agency for Space Research and Technology was created.

Because today it is impossible to imagine our life without modern technologies. As the world becomes more 

I am digital, the services provided also require the latest solutions. With the development of new generation gadgets, artificial intelligence and digital navigation, the need to use space is increasing. Unique concepts such as smart city, smart home, robotic programs show that this area is important for the future of humanity. In particular, today the economic share of the space industry in the world market is 500 billion. Analysts predict that by 2030 this figure can reach 1 trillion dollars, and by 2035 - 2 trillion dollars. This serves as the main point of growth of the economies of states, mainly in a commercial form through private sectors. Countries such as the USA, China, Russia, India, Great Britain, as well as the European Union, are participating in this process with their new projects. Even the launch of satellites for communication and the Internet, the exploration of space and planets, the establishment of space tourism are actively working private sector companies. For example, there are currently about 13,000 satellites in Earth orbit, of which more than 5,000 belong to commercial space companies. The influence of space is growing in all sectors of the economy.

Based on these trends, the Uzbekcosmos Agency is working in many areas, such as increasing the efficiency of resolving issues for government agencies using Earth remote sensing data from space, implementing international cooperation in the field of space research and technology. In particular, in order to carry out work on space monitoring, establishing the effective use of the results of space activities in the socio-economic, scientific, defense and security spheres through the use of modern technologies, the "Center for Space Monitoring and Geoinformation Technologies" was created in the Agency system. Currently, the agency deals with issues of agriculture, water management, land relations (cadastre), carries out state space monitoring in the field of forestry, ecology and geology. As a result, in 2024 alone, more than 100 thousand cases of highly probable violations of the law were identified in the republic.

Of course, international cooperation is also of great importance in this. Today, Uzbekcosmos Agency cooperates with leading space agencies and companies of the world to exchange experience, advanced technologies and knowledge. These include the Regional Program on the Use of Space Technologies for Sustainable Development of the Intergovernmental Consultative Committee of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, the International Astronautical Federation, the Organization of Turkic States and the Interstate Space Council of the CIS.

In addition, the Uzbekcosmos Agency carries out bilateral cooperation with the world's leading space companies, such as Airbus (France), Mahar (USA), SpaceX (USA), OneWeb (UK), SSI Monaco (Monaco), Synspective (Japan), Esri (USA), BlackSky (USA), SpaceBuzz (USA) and others, as well as with the space agencies of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos), Turkey (TUA), the United Arab Emirates (UAE Space Agency), Kazakhstan (Aerospace Committee), France (CNES), the USA (NASA), Pakistan (SUPARCO), China (CNSA), Israel (ISA), Malaysia (MYSA), Thailand (NSTDA), Japan (JAXA), Korea (KARI).

In short, the use of infinite space can be a solution to existing problems, further development of human life, and the introduction of new technologies.

Once again On the occasion of the "International Cosmonautics Day" on April 12, we congratulate all aviation specialists, space researchers, designers, engineers and astronauts. We wish you success in the difficult task of exploring and mastering the Universe!