District of Chortok, Namangan region

In order to obtain a high yield of cereal crops, it is important to carry out effective measures to combat diseases, pests and weeds, along with agrotechnical measures. Grain crops are seriously damaged by blackleg diseases, fusarium, septaria, powdery mildew, especially yellow and brown rust diseases. Among these diseases, yellow rust is the most dangerous, and the alternating rainy and sunny weather creates favorable conditions for its widespread spread and development. At high humidity, its spores begin to grow, and at a temperature of 2 degrees Celsius they enter plant tissue. For the rapid spread and development of the disease, the average temperature is 8-15 degrees Celsius, when it multiplies massively and spreads to grain fields. Brown rust develops better at a slightly higher temperature, i.e. at 16-22 degrees Celsius. In recent years, ecotypes of this disease have appeared in a number of regions that are adapted to the development of even higher temperatures. Even in the regions, the disease is becoming more severe and spreading in the form of epiphytoty. The development of winter wheat plants affected by winter wheat rust is impaired, including a decrease in the surface area of ​​​​the leaves that retain their green color, weakening of the roots, impaired absorption of nutrients and water, a thin stem with an increased tendency to lie down, a decrease in the number of flower spikes, grain wilting, and a decrease in the total yield. It is advisable to use effective methods against fungal diseases that occur in the grain fields of our republic. One of the best measures is to plant disease-resistant varieties and prevent the spread of the disease. Chemical control measures against diseases of grain crops begin when the plant's disease rate reaches 5-20%. It is necessary to conduct prophylactic chemical control in areas prone to rust diseases. If effective measures are not taken to combat these diseases in a timely manner, they can destroy up to 50-60 percent of the grain crop grown by farmers and cluster farms. To combat rust diseases, scientists from the Grain and Legume Research Institute and its branches have tested a number of fungicides, and the most effective ones have been recommended for rust diseases in production; Reykon 28% sus.k.0.5 l/ha, Top-Krop 40% k.e. 0.25-0.3 l/ha, Kolosal Pro 50% k.m.e.- 0.3-0.4 l/ha, Super Konazol 33% em.k. 0.3-0.35 l/ha, Sipko-Super 33% em.k.0.3 l/ha, Tiltazol 500 k.e. 0.170 l/ha, NovIks 25% em.k. 0.25-0.5 l/ha, Azilon 32% k.e. 1.0 l/ha, Heben Duo k.e. 40% 0.2-0.3l/ha, R-Ultra super 33% k.e. 0.3 l/ha, the use of fungicides in the norms will eliminate the widespread spread of diseases and save the crop that could be lost. State Inspector of the Chartok District Department of the Department of "Plant Quarantine and Protection": G. Khayitov